INTRODUCTION-DEMOGRAPHY OF INDIA

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Picture of India with state divisions
                    INTRODUCTION
    India is the 7th largest country in the world by size with an area of 3,287,590 square kilometres, and the second largest by population with a population of roughly 1,188,800,000 people. (Population Reference Bureau). India is a subcontinent in Southern Asia and is surrounded by the Indian Ocean to the east, west, and south, and the rest of Asia to the North.India is a part of the British commonwealth and is home to a unique culture, biodiversity, and many landmarks. The national sport of India is field hockey, and many different music forms are also native to India including Hindustani and Carnatic music. The Indian culture varies like its vast geography. People speak in different languages, dress differently, follow different religions, eat different food but are of the same temperament. So whether it is a joyous occasion or a moment of grief, people participate whole-heartedly, feeling the happiness or pain. A festival or a celebration is never constrained to a family or a home. The whole community or neighbourhood is involved in bringing liveliness to an occasion. Likewise, an Indian wedding is a celebration of union, not only of the bride and groom, but also of two families, maybe cultures or religion too! Similarly, in times of sorrow, neighbours and friends play an important part in easing out the grief. And now, presenting the most multiculturally diverse country in the world, INDIA!!!!!!! 

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Location of India in the world

                                                                ECONOMY

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The economy of India is the fourth largest in the world, with a GDP of $3.63 trillion at PPP, and is the tenth largest in the world with a $691.9 billion at 2004 USD exchange rates and has a real GDP growth rate of 6.2%. (World Economics, 2010). Growth in the Indian economy has steadily increased since 1979, averaging 5.7% per year in the 23-year growth record. Indian economy has posted an excellent average GDP growth of 6.8% since 1994 and has the fastest growing free-market democracy in the world. India also has the second largest labour force in the world with a population of 413, 000, 000.India uses the Indian ruppee as it's currency which is worth about 2 cents in American money!!!!! (Currency exchanger)


                                                                    TRADE
India has one of the largest markets in the world with many imports and exports. Their main industries and areas of export are India has many industries including (from largest to smallest) textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software, pharmaceuticals. India's agricultural industry is also large, India's largest trade partner is China, and their largest imports include technological supplies, machinery, and fuel. (Indian Government)

                                                       INDIAN GOVERNMENT

         India, also known as Bharat, is a Union of States.It is a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic with a parliamentary system of government. The Republic is governed in terms of the Constitution of India which was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949 and came into force on 26th January 1950.

The Constitution provides for a Parliamentary form of government which is federal in structure with certain unitary features. The constitutional head of the Executive of the Union is the President. As per Article 79 of the Constitution of India, the council of the Parliament of the Union consists of the President and two Houses known as the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) and the House of the People (Lok Sabha). Article 74(1) of the Constitution provides that there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as its head to aid and advise the President, who shall exercise his functions in accordance to the advice. The real executive power is thus vested in the Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as its head. (Indian Government)

                                                NATIONAL SYMBOLS

NATIONAL ANTHEM

Sung in Hindi                           
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya heBharata-bhagya-vidhata.Punjab-Sindh-Gujarat-MarathaDravida-Utkala-BangaVindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-GangaUchchala-Jaladhi-taranga.Tava shubha name jage,Tava shubha asisa mange,Gahe tava jaya gatha,Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya heBharata-bhagya-vidhata.Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he,Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he!

Translated into English
Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people,Dispenser of India's destiny.Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sind,Gujarat and Maratha,Of the Dravida and Orissa and Bengal;It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas,mingles in the music of Jamuna and Ganges and ischanted by the waves of the Indian Sea.They pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise.The saving of all people waits in thy hand,Thou dispenser of India's destiny.Victory, victory, victory to thee


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NATIONAL FLOWER: LOTUS
NATIONAL BIRD: INDIAN PEACOCK
NATIONAL SPORT: FIELD HOCKEY
NATIONAL FRUIT: MANGO
NATIONAL ANIMAL: TIGER
(Indian Government)


                                                        INDIAN CULTURE

The Indian culture varies like its vast geography. People speak in different languages, dress differently, follow different religions, eat different food but are of the same temperament. So whether it is a joyous occasion or a moment of grief, people participate whole-heartedly, feeling the happiness or pain. A festival or a celebration is never constrained to a family or a home. The whole community or neighbourhood is involved in bringing liveliness to an occasion. Likewise, an Indian wedding is a celebration of union, not only of the bride and groom, but also of two families, maybe cultures or religion too! Similarly, in times of sorrow, neighbours and friends play an important part in easing out the grief.


                                                 MULTICULTURALISM OF INDIA

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India is a colourful canvas portraying a unique assimilation of ethnic groups displaying varied cultures and religions. In fact, this uniqueness in the ethnicity of the country is the factor that makes it different from other nations. Moreover, the vastness of India's nationalism, accounting to a plethora of cultural extravaganza, religions, etc. is the reason that the country is seen more as a seat for a major world civilization than a mere nation-state. Since ancient times, the spiritual land of India has displayed varied hues of culture, religion, race, language, and so on. This variety in race, culture, religion, etc. accounts for the existence of different ethnic groups who, although, live within the sanctums of one single nation, profess different social habits and characteristics. Regional territories in India play an important role in differentiating these ethnic groups, with their own social and cultural identities. The religions that are prevalent in the country are Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism, with the freedom for citizens to practice any religion they want to. With the governance of 35 different states and union territories in the country, there has originated a sense of regionalism amongst the various parts, with different states displaying different cultures, which although eventually fuse through a common bond to showcase a national cultural identity. The Constitution of India has recognised 22 different languages that are prevalent in the country, out of which, Hindi is the official language and is spoken in most of the urban cities of India. Other than these 22 languages, there are hundreds of dialects that add to the multilingual nature of the country. (Indian Government)

DIFFERENT ETHNICITES OF PEOPLE
Indo-Aryan 72%
Dravidian 25%
Mongoloid and other's 3%

DIFFERENT RELIGIONS OF PEOPLE
Hindu 81.3%
Muslim 12%
Christian 2.3%
Sikh 1.9%
Other groups including Buddhist, Jain, Parsi 2.5%

DIFFERENT LANGUAGES OF PEOPLE
Hindi- 422, 048, 642
Bengali-83, 369, 769
Telugu-74,002,856
Marathi-71,936,894
Tamil-60,793,814
(Wikipedia-Indian Demography)

                                                           ART IN INDIA

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India had always been known as the land that portrayed cultural and traditional vibrancy through its conventional arts and crafts. The 35 states and union territories sprawled across the country have their own distinct cultural and traditional identities, and are displayed through various forms of art prevalent there. Every region in India has its own style and pattern of art, which is known as folk art. Other than folk art, there is yet another form of traditional art practiced by several tribes or rural population, which is classified as tribal art. The folk and tribal arts of India are very ethnic and simple, and yet colorful and vibrant enough to speak volumes about the country's rich heritage.Folk art in India apparently has a great potential in the international market because of its traditional aesthetic sensibility and authenticity. The rural folk paintings of India bear distinctive colorful designs, which are treated with religious and mystical motifs. Some of the most famous folk paintings of India are the Madhubani paintings of Bihar, Patachitra paintings from the state of Orissa, the Nirmal paintings of Andhra Pradesh, and other such folk art forms. Folk art is however not restricted only to paintings, but also stretches to other art forms such as pottery, home decorations, ornaments, cloths-making, and so on. In fact, the potteries of some of the regions of India are quite popular among foreign tourists because of their ethnic and traditional beauty.Moreover, the regional dances of India, such as the Bhangra dance of Punjab, the Dandiya of Gujarat, the Bihu dance of Assam, etc, which project the cultural heritage of those regions, are prominent contenders in the field of Indian folk art. These folk dances are performed by people to express their exhilaration on every possible event or occasion, such as the arrival of seasons, the birth of a child, weddings, festivals, etc. The government of India, as well as other societies and associations, have therefore made all efforts to promote such art forms, which have become an intrinsic part of India's cultural identity. (Indian government)

                                                        INDIAN MUSIC

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The music of India includes multiple varieties of folk, popular, pop, classical music and R&B. India's classical music tradition, including Carnatic and Hindustani music, has a history spanning millennia and, developed over several eras, it remains fundamental to the lives of Indians today as sources of spiritual inspiration, cultural expression and pure entertainment. India is made up of several dozen ethnic groups, speaking their own languages and dialects, having very distinct cultural traditions (Wikipedia).